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008			081029s1999 enka |b 001 0 eng d
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039		9	_a201402040054 _bVLOAD _c201005171006 _dmalmash _c200810291441 _dNoora _y200810291438 _zNoora
050	0	0	_aQ295 _b.C449 1999
100	1		_aCheckland, Peter. _925009
245	1	0	_aSystems thinking, systems practice / _cPeter Checkland.
246	1	4	_aSystems thinking, systems practice: includes a 30-year retrospective
260			_aChichester : _bWiley, _c1999.
300			_a1 v. (various pagings) : _bill. ; _c23 cm.
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
505	0		_aSoft systems methodology : a 30-year retrospective / Peter Checkland, pp. A1-A66.
505			_aThe Subject of Systems. SYSTEMS THINKING--THE SYSTEMS MOVEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF SCIENCE. Science as a Human Activity: Its History and its Method. Science and the Systems Movement. Some Systems Thinking. SYSTEMS PRACTICE--ACTION RESEARCH TO ESTABLISH THE USE OF SYSTEMS CONCEPTS IN PROBLEM-SOLVING. 'Hard' Systems Thinking--The Engineers' Contribution. The Development of 'Soft' Systems Thinking. The Systems Methodology in Action. Implications of Systems Practice for Systems Thinking. Appendices. Bibliography. Glossary. Indexes.
520			_aSystems Thinking, Systems Practice Whether by design, accident or merely synchronicity, Checkland appears to have developed a habit of writing seminal publications near the start of each decade which establish the basis and framework for systems methodology research for that decade. Hamish Rennie, Journal of the Operational Research Society, 1992 Thirty years ago Peter Checkland set out to test whether the Systems Engineering (SE) approach, highly successful in technical problems, could be used by managers coping with the unfolding complexities of organizational life. The straightforward transfer of SE to the broader situations of management was not possible, but by insisting on a combination of systems thinking strongly linked to real-world practice Checkland and his collaborators developed an alternative approach - Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) - which enables managers of all kinds and at any level to deal with the subtleties and confusions of the situations they face. This work established the now accepted distinction between 'hard' systems thinking, in which parts of the world are taken to be 'systems' which can be 'engineered', and 'soft' systems thinking in which the focus is on making sure the process of inquiry into real-world complexity is itself a system for learning. Systems Thinking, Systems Practice (1981) and Soft Systems Methodology in Action (1990) together with an earlier paper Towards a Systems-based Methodology for Real-World Problem Solving (1972) have long been recognized as classics in the field. Now Peter Checkland has looked back over the three decades of SSM development, brought the account of it up to date, and reflected on the whole evolutionary process which has produced a mature SSM. SSM: A 30-Year Retrospective, here included with Systems Thinking, Systems Practice closes a chapter on what is undoubtedly the most significant single research programme on the use of systems ideas in problem solving. Now retired from full-time universi
650		0	_aSystem theory. _925010
650		0	_aSystem analysis. _91769
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999			_c10303 _d10303